id suggest you double check the SAFU
https://academy.binance.com/en/glossary/secure-asset-fund-for-users
its SAFU for BTC is just 16,277 coins although user balance is over 500k coins.

so this is why users wanted a proper proof of reserves because safu wouldnt cover all reserves.. its just an insurance incase one of their hot wallets(on server withdrawal pots of 0.X% of reserves) got hacked. not an amount to cover the reserves should the reserves disapear in full

its not a 10x on investment

that pack of seeds contains say 20 seeds that are viable
yes they may produce more then a yield of tomato's that are equivalent to the retail grocery store of $50 of tomato's..

but those 20 tomato plants end up needing a litre of water a day per plant
(i too grew tomato plants on my balcony. they do love water)

the cost per cubic metre of water and the couple months of maintenance time eats into the $50 value equivalent of retail bought tomato's

in short although you yielded more then $50 of retail yield of tomato's. it cost YOU more then $50 of water/maintenance to get that $50 retail yield. which means you were operating at a loss.. though i gotta admit ;grow your own' are a better tasting loss than the taste of the bland retail tomato's

the laser cost is the answer to your first question about starting the reaction.

to me i see that question and answer of the experiment equivelent to saying
"a match was struck which caused a bonfire of flames. exponential heat everyone exponential heat.. "

questions i have
yes they managed to produce more energy than the lasers.
but how much outside the building cost/energy was used to produce the pellet that was burned

EG fire is free. once you strike a single match you can then produce a flame as big as a bonfire or even a forest fire.. that can maintain more energy than the initial match and far longer than the initial match burns(until it reached your finger)

but its less about the energy creation exponential of the match vs bonfire.. its about the burning of material cost to make that also needs to be added
much like burning wood in a home fire place is not about the energy from a match exponentialised into a fire. and more about the wood cost to get that exponential amount of flame

where the cost of the wood is not free
...
also in a similar topic asking about the time scales of going from lab to commercial release..
it is indeed at stage three-four. and yes it is "grant finding season"


the power wattage emitted was indeed more then the power input.
which for a small capsule the size of a petit-pois pea emitted enough energy in less than a nanosecond than the entire energy grid of america.. if you calculate the american grid energy divided down to same under nano second per watt scale

however to continuously feed this once every 60 seconds at scale to offer AC power for the grid. requires more capsules and maintaining the charge and discharge

which is where they are now at the efficiency test stage of prolonging the charge-discharge time to scale up to wattage per hour instead of sub-nanosecond
the 2.1mj to 3mj equates to
583.3w to 875w per XX pico second

and also scaling down the physical size of the building surrounding the the engine. so that it can be used upon submarines or built in small towns/cities
aswell as cost control and quality control of the capsules burned(the hydrogen equivalent of firewood

this is not to do with ETF's

this is due to the flaws of stockmarkets.. revealed by the robinhood system (run on the "game" stock saga) a few years back

basically instead of buying stock direct from the wall street stock markets. there are 'darkpools' of stock holders that sell 'parts' of their stock to other markets. thus allowing robinhood to do microstock trading

these darkpools are not trusts of stock asset that then sell shares of a trust company/brand(ETF). .. its darkpools that sell shares of the stock itself (smaller decimals of stock than the wallstreet stock exchange allowed)

these proposals are to kill off the need of these darkpools and bring the sub/micro stock markets back into the fold of the wallstreet stock market directly. thus they can regulate the microstock markets under institutions rather than these 'darkpools'

they are back

the whole point is the energy conversion of fusion then heats water to power a turbine


the problem with your idea of using the sun and mirrors is that those engines only generate during the day

the time delay is this

phase one show science theory to get gov science grants for R&D - done
phase two build prototype - done
phase three proof of concept - done
phase four get further R&D money to alpha test for efficiency gain
phase five get DOD grant to manufacture/beta test for military submarines
phase six sell finalised reactors to DOD
phase seven use proceeds to then expand into the business sector.

i never use a market chart of current or historic data to find my "bottom"

this is because. outside of the market are other methods to acquire bitcoin even more cheaply

finding the bottom acquisition cost on the planet is key to finding true bottom

.
i prefer to look at mining costs. and know that EFFICIENT industrial size mining farms that yield sufficient amount of coin have their own cost that is below market rate

if you find the cheapest rate on the planet. you then find the bottom.
the market then sits above this bottom and plays it speculative game depending on the daily whims and sentiment of users that have higher cost/desires to pay a premium above value

so im not shocked that the number is above 50% of people that cant self-custody effectively. but i think 99% refers to the number of people that may lose 'some*' value of their hoard. where as the ability to self custody is more like 30% as oppose to 1%

*some value: nearly everyone has lost a few fiat pennies down into the void of their sofa cushion or the pavements of their town
..
it requires education to learn how to secure crypto properly. and from reading the thousands of users posts on this forum(supposed technically aware) of people. i always bang my head at the multitude of people that just cannot even be bothered to learn and research, and just want answers spoon fed to them or just go with whatever lame thing their friends have told them

A. it would need to be a payment network thats not promoted as full of empty 'promise' (ends up full of poop)

B. easy to set up. low maintenance cost, doesnt require certain things to occur to assure a successful payment

..
when a sub par network says "payment in milliseconds"
but then you realise you have to scan a QR code and then wait for the app to translate a few route options, where the fee is not just 1 middle man but multiplied by many route-men depending on route taken.. thus not knowing the fee until you attempt to make payment.
and then attempt a route and hope everyone is online and liquid to facilitate payment. (they all hit accept at the same time)

and then.. realising the system only really works high % of the time for coffee and about 30% of the time for a weekly grocery shop
.. you soon learn its not really a effective payment system. and thats before getting into all the drawbacks of the flaws and bugs where your value can become nothing/liquidity available used up without you realising
..
there is a good reason why blockchain currencies of the 2009+ were invented, as oppose to the silly smart contract networks of the 90's-00's
(lightning payments(onion packets) use old tech. not new tech)

agree, fully
and to add to this

the two aspects are. the currency thats common and the platforms of that currency that are common

EG once having a venmo/paypal account they were easier and better than the silly chip and pin debit card option.
but visa, then upgraded where you can 'upload' your card data to your phone and use qr code/tap and pay to compete against 'mobile payments'

as for the currency.
breaking fiat where crypto is common requires legal tender status (changing tax, minimum wage, court penalty, victim compensation laws, debt value laws) where by other currencies can be used as the main payment currency required/measured

so without a legal tender status of paying options for bills and taxes and wages. a crypto currency wont become a common utility for every day use of peoples full lifestyles

thus would require alot of better conveniences, benefits of use to get people to use crypto for full lifestyle payments that both benefit all the merchants/employers and the customers/employees

where by a easier to use app also comes into play to make it desired to use this alternative currency to fiat
..

as for wanting to just "break fiat"
wel that can be done. instead of exchange market a crypto to a rate of fiat.
exchange rate it to a rate of say "minimum wage" where by the crypto in the Us is $10. but that same unit crypto sells for $0.30 in africa.
then sit back and watch arbitrage raid the FOREX market to spin the cycle of trade from US-africa-crypto-us.. repeat and truly disrupt the forex rates of fiat as people take advantage of the new crypto exchange rate mechanism..
.. but that wont happen. its just a pipe dream to crash fiat forex markets. as nations see that as a national security attack and such exchanges would get removed from the internet quick

1 yes         2 yes            
3 no - the trial to decide on extradition is in february. the other day he was in court about bail. and was denied bail
4. there are some funds but no confirmation of how it will be split.
5 no again. not decided yet. it will take weeks,months to accrue all assets then asses how to split the funds

---

possible reasons o'leary said what he said
(speculating/hypothecating)
a. to not pro-spin SBF voids his speaker contract. penalty repay SBF $15m
b. if he admits to a scam. it makes him liable for advertising a scam
c. admitting he was duped puts him in bad rep of not doing due diligence
d. to go against SBF means $0 return, not even 10c on the dollar

im feeling b & c as main reasons

---

i dont think SBF will wear a custom design epstien neck tie

heres a little secret....

just because you put them in a bank security box. for reasons like if your house burns down they are in a vaulted flame proof place as back up

does not mean that because they are in that place you have no access should the bank deny access

bitcoin works because you can keep copies in many places.

as for the silly gossip of the 'satoshi is hal' stuff.. nope. just no

its recently re-awakened due to some idiot that bought or stole some old used keys and has been signing messages of non satoshi keys pretending to be satoshi to hope to get some money.value out of selling a silly system of signing messages.

if people really think that there was only one cypherpunk in the 90's-00's

or that the cypherpunks all used satoshi username.. both are complete wrong

there were many cypherpunks and also casual readers of their mailing list that just took some idea's and evolved them.

but after this many years of so many people trying. end result is .. hal was not satoshi..

so lets put that gossip story back to bed

open source does not mean open community

you can have a newspaper that is "open" for people to read. but readers cannot influence or critique the editor as easily or get hired as an editor

other thing is by shouting open source, people then dont do due diligence because they think "cool so someone else done the review"

CBDC are open but everyday i see idiots trying to say how they think a CBDC works based on their authoritarian conspiracy, racism hate speach bias. rather than actually reading/researching how CBDC actually work

we see influencers promote dodgy businesses because they heard other influencers/celebrities already are promoting it. thus thinking the first-in influencer done the due diligence

...
bitcoin dev community..
achowe+gmax moderate the technical subforums, the IRC and other area's. you you try to critique them or point out their code merges are not for the benefit of general users and instead are sponsored code for corporate benefit of subnetwork offramping. your comments are moderated out and such. and they still end up commiting it into a release candidate
..
CDBC are open and readable. most are based on a hyperledger platform of 2 layer (blockchain at bank level reserves of central to commercial banks.. with the subnetwork of smart contract at commercial to customer account level) whereby central bank mints new currency and blockchains it into reserves for commercial banks.. and its then the commercial banks then manage the customer transactions not the central bank.. yet idiots think CBDC are where government politicians are watching everyones coffee and bagel purchases

its no surprise the corporate paid core devs are using certain buzzwords and including features to convert bitcoin to emulate the hyperledger platform of CBDC(just a shame the subnetwork emulat's below bitcoins mainnet have flaws and bugs and not secure or trustable to actually use as a store of value system of savings for long term use of daily spends over multiple months before closing accounts to settle out/withdraw true value

one swap of $250k wont do damage as a single trade

but negative arbitrage that same $250k at a 0.1% loss per round means you can generate thousands of arbitrage rounds of millions in volume.

EG
1. $250k for 249,750sc
1. 249,750sc $249.5k
repeat thousand times

of the ~$8bill missing
of the co-mingled funds of .us and .com ~$1b was left in those funds which..
the combined 'balance' of just the .us customer base was about $1b thus enough left to make them whole

however its not that simple legally. as the co-mingling means the funds are not just allocated to the .us customers. they were broad for all customers of all platforms so the current administrator/ceo has to account for deposits which then result into taints of funds in the co-mingled wallet. to establish whos deposits are what. and work out a fair way to share it out

.us had over 1-2mill customers(some dupe accounts) of small amounts totalling at their guestimates of only $1b total loss in .us
and .com had under 200k customers of large amounts totalling upto $7bill

but numbers are still fuzzy as they are trying to find records and logs that dont exist or hard to read through. it will take time.. months, not days

firstly there many things like the perception of a transaction

paying someone for food has proof of intention of those funds were an agreement of funds for goods

a loan has a contract of terms that the purpose was to "borrow"

however a business receiving a deposit. needs to have a user agreement that shows that funds entering a business remain the customers property, otherwise its a donation

there are some businesses in the crypto space that have even worse user agreement terms than FTX
although FTX did have terms that deemed funds were users property. the standard clause is "expect to lose all value and dont hold us liable for loses"(not verbatim)

so some dubious people can pretend customer losses were just the price of investing.
.
he did have terms that standard depositors funds were not to be used for margin/insider trading. thus he broke his own rules thus defrauded customers
.
as for his actions afterwards.
after having his personal accounts frozen by bahama authorities. he was left with limited (order requests of spending) of a total of $100k
eaning he had to request the authorities for pocket money to cover bills

so knowing he had to find more income some how and also try to set a narrative of defence. he went on a 'press tour' of paid speaking interviews. which would help cover his legal expenses and set the narrative.

when arrested and in court where he was denied bail. he was anxious and jittery and was able to get the court to give him a few minutes to take some anti-depression meds. .. so he is not exactly cool-casual.. he is just on strong 'chill patch'(emsam)

for the science people wondering "how does it work"

first concept is to realise at the sub atomic level there is no substance. there are just frequency waves which enough waves combined at certain frequency do certain things.

from electric. to sound to light to xray
(the electro magnetic spectrum)

where certain frequencies resists/reflects other frequency and other frequencies combine or attract together. which is magnetism spectrum.. is what we feel as substance. others interfere(change frequency)and others are light frequency is the colour or ability to see it. and so on

an atom is filled with many(more then trillions) different frequencies to cause it to be felt and seen they emit these frequency waves. which with enough at certain frequencies become things like 'photons' (light energy) or sound or are attracted together in large(for nanoscale) to become substance

the process is to send enough waves from light-xray spectrum frequency which then breaks the hydrogen(bunch of frequency waves) magnetic repulsion range of frequencies, and changing the frequency to the magnetic attraction(compress/implode), which attracts and then reacts changing the waves that then represent helium +excess waves of lower frequency at the frequency useful for "energy"

this excess waves of lower frequency(heat energy) which then warms up water that is then sent to a turbine as steam to power a generator
 
they were able to do this where the amount of energy needed to cause the light-xray input.. caused an output of more waves of energy than were used to create the laser

dumbing it down...

2 grannies shouting caused 3 kids to scream. it caused more sound
(where sound represent waves.. but not at the sound spectrum/frequency)

media was reporting a (rounded) 2mj input gave a upto 3mj output
i first thought that was only 600watt in 800watt out

but that was at a faster then microsecond scale meaning, converted to a watts per hour. would be a huge number

of the exchanges..

i find that DCG was invested(ownership claim) in FTX and had contagion. and its sister company greyscale is offering shares. but wont disclose the reserves.. because those reserves are held up in coinbase and coinbase wont reveal the reserves to public not greyscale..

i see DCG being a "bigger risk"

binance has 25m customers. but coinbase has over 60m customers.

seems o'weary is stil a spokesman for "some company" because he is still sounding like he has allegiances even though his ftx employment contract should have expired the moment ftx lost o'leary his own funds

whistleblowers get blowback. but thats the cost of calling out on a scam..

so i can understand why cry babies blame other victims and call out on a whistleblower as the bad guy

binance seen some bad deeds and asked for a refund/withdrawal of value..
this is not theft or sabotage. this is "fuck this im getting out of this risk"

alot of idiots think if binance stayed quiet then users could have magically suddenly had the lightbulb moment to get out before FTX sunk naturally..

but if binance did not out FTX and disclose the bad deeds of FTX people would have stupidly continued to invest in ftx in blissful ignorance until they drowned with FTX at a later date

in short all binance done was bring to light something that would have hurt investors eventually anyway. it just happened sooner rather than later

well

~$1.2b of $8b
about 15% at most so far

call it 10cents on the dollar at most after lawyers and consultants fees

in other related news
kevin oh weary(i mean o'leary)
https://youtu.be/uK7QXlgtbdg?t=15
is trying to suggest that when binance seen bad practices by SBF and requested a refund  and got a refund. kevin is suggesting that binance stole the funds that made everyone else insolvent
(facepalm) shameless guy.

if he is ok with making accusations then he should start closer to home with his best friends SBF

els salvador made the mistake of buying bitcoin at government level for future benefit of citizens via government investments that will fruition i a few years
however they also made he mistake of being conned into accepting the LN network with a faulty software, flawed protocol, lack of rules/consensus and limited liquidity being touted as "bitcoin" which lead to 3 months of headachs at he end of 2021 when the president was trying to get user adoption..

since then he switched away from LN and is now using a CEX of btc utility for its people and businesses. but has put the promotion of such on the back burner until everything is truly tested and funds are assured and issues are ironed out to not be a repeat. in short he is being more cautious this time and doesnt want to get burned by another services managing users funds [and maybe overpromising] things.

education can be very simple. a few youtube videos or tv adverts strategically placed can reach the masses of elsalvadorians