Nothing wrong with the math, but we can't go with the assumption that 100% of the 1000mw is S19s and the equivalent, and thus there is no way that 1000MW is producing 30 Exahash, also some or many of them could be overclocked, and thus losing efficiency, also since the 17 series and the same generation of what's miner are almost half as efficient, allow me to throw 20 exahash at the wall.

But hey, let's pray for a pretty damn warm summer in Texas, I mean nothing is wrong about making more money getting more Vitamin D. 

Why not, what could possibly go wrong? I mean the worst-case scenario is ending with a "study" that is complete bullshit, not the end of the world, and they still get paid for doing the excel sheet trick.


Honestly, it will be near impossible to know the exact cost of mining bitcoin using just the public information you find on Google, nobody knows exactly how much it costs someone else to mine a bitcoin, simply because, you don't know how much they pay for power, bribe, maintenance and all that, even the simplest part of the equation which is the $/kWh is not easy to figure out, nobody has an answer for how much it cost the large U.S miners, some might have 2 cents rate, some maybe 4 cents, some might magically have access to free power, some might be paying 7 cents and pretend to be paying only 3.5 cents to attract more investors to buy their stocks, nobody has the slightest clue.

With that in mind, why waste time trying to figure out the cost of mining bitcoin when all the variables you need to place in the equation are missing, guessing won't take you anywhere, you will look as dumb as the guys who conducted this "study", I mean we can speculate and chit-chat about how do I think 3-4 cents the average for large U.S miners, but then I will give you a bag of salt to take it with, I won't go to as far as making claims and studies regarding the subject.

It's true based on the electricity cost you entered or I believe it's the default, a bit of math like the one phill did above shows 10 cents per kWh is the number used in the image you posted, also the website seems to be using the default/stock clocking, which makes it a tiny bit inaccurate, but generally correct, anyone who pays 10 cents or above is having a hard time making any profit using any other ASIC miner other than the ones you listed.

Generally that's correct, but that does not mean you can abuse that safety line, almost everything is underrated and that includes your car engine or anything else that has a max operation speed/temp/voltage and whatnot, but then when I remember how cheap Bitmain was trying to save a couple of bucks on the solder used on the 17 series gears which they sold for $4000, I can't help but wonder, didn't Bimtian abuse the safety line themselves by using maybe 7.5mm spacing instead of 8mm.

Don't get me wrong but I tend to believe the things made in China are usually overrated, here is an example, I used to deal with power generators, engines, and alternators from all over the world, when we test a Genset that has a Yanmar or Perkins engine with a Mecc alte or Stamford alternator for an example, we knew we could push it well passed it rated power, and that was true like all of the time, but when dealing with most Chinese brands, they would collapse way before reaching their max rated power, there are exceptions of some well-built Chinese brands that stick to their words like YangDong, they pretty much try to follow the Japnese and EU or US standards of "ratings" of course at a very higher cost than the average Chinese manufacturer.
 
However, the others who make the majority are not to be trusted when it comes to ratings, So if Bitmain tells me not to operate their PSU at >2000m, I would not operate it above >1500m at most:D.

ربما يكوني تحليل غريب بعض الشي ولكن اتوقع ان تأتير بيع هده العملات سيكون ضئيل جدا وهدا تبريري لاعتقادي.

انا نظرنا الى الكمية المتداولة او الفوليوم على البتكوين والدولار اليوم سوف نلاحظ انها كانت $33,193,837,219 على حسب موقع coinmarketcap والنتائج من المواقع الاخرى مقاربة جدا لذلك يمككنا الجزم ان هدا الرقم صحيح ومنطقي.

في المقابل عندما نتحدث عن 140 الف بتكوين فهدا يعني ان الفوليوم التي سوف يتم اضافته سيكون حوالي 2,800,000,000 يعني 2 مليار فاصلة 8 مقارنة ب 33 مليار,  يعني حوالي 8% من الكمية المتداولة اليوم.

طبعا هدا ان جزمنا ان كامل الكمية سوف تباع في نفس اليوم فسوف يكون تأتيرها 8% وهدا بكل تأكيد سوف يضغط على السعر ولكن ليس بالطريقة التي يعتقدها البعض, 140 الف بتكوين قد تبدو كرقم كبير جدا ولكن هدا الرقم "عادي" جدا ويتم بيعه وشرائه كل يوم بل كل ساعة, لذلك ومن وجهة نظري ان التأثير المباشر سيكون ضئيل جدا, ولكن نظرا لان قوة الشائعات اكبر من الحدث الفعلي قد يخاف بعض الناس ويعتقدون ان بيع 140 الف بتكوين سوف يهوي بها الى 10 الاف ويهرعون للبيع.

What Husires and NFW mentioned about air insulation is scientifically correct even if you want to disagree with it, in fact, it's a standard followed by most PSU manufacturers, for example, the "China Compulsory Certification" requires a certain clearance between any two conductive materials inside a PSU, at an altitude of 2000m or below, it has to be 8mm, at 5000m, on the other hand, it needs to be 11.84mm.

In fact, it is mandatory to write the max altitude a PSU can safely operate at. And if you happen to own any mining equipment the altitude will be on the PSU's specs, an example is Bitmain's PSU, it's rated at an altitude of <2000m because they use a factor clearance of 1 or in other words 8mm.

of course, that doesn't mean that if you run a Bitmain PSU in Mexico city at 2200m above sea level you are going to toast it right away, it just means that the chances of that happening are higher than happening in Florida, it also means if you run them in La Paz at close to an altitude of 4000m where the spacing needs to be 30% more you simply are asking for troubles.

It pretty much depends on how "cooler" the temps are, because altitude and temperature are keys when evaluating fan performance, at sea level and at 100F you are looking at a factor of 1.06 which is a slight loss in performance, it's equal to the performance of the same fan running at 70F and 1,500 feet above sea level if so happens that temps are higher than 70F then it's worse than running at sea level with temps being 100F.

But that example was more like cherry-picking, it doesn't mean it won't exist, but more often than not, the gains from cooler temps will offset the altitude, but if you happen to find a place where the temp is 70F and the altitude is 10,000 then what would be as bad as running the fan at sea level with temps being as high as 300F.  

Keep in mind, however, that the cooler climate isn't always a good thing, for two reasons, one, most miners won't run at temps near zero, and they will have a very hard time starting up, you are going to need to generate some sort of heat before you get them going, some people will trap the miner inside a box for it to heat well and then put the exhaust of the hot miner into another miner's intake to get it running, I don't know at what temp exactly all of this will start to be a problem, but too cold is too bad.

Another reason would be the miner increasing voltage to stay at desired temps, thierry4wd explained that in detail on one of his posts, but long story short, if the miner is running cool, it will drop the fan speed to a minimum (which I think is 10% or so) if that does not help bring temps up to the desired number, it will increase the voltage to generate more heat, that simply put is a waste of energy.

لا احد باستتناء الشركة نفسها يعلم تكلفة انتاج كميات البتكوين التي سوف يبيعوها, ولكن بتقدير بسيط وعبر البحث الذي اجريته في وقت سابق فأن معظم تلك الشركات تتحصل على عقود رخيصة جدا للكهرباء وايضا تمتلك احدث الاجهزة واقلها استهلاكا, لذلك من الصعب ان يكون البيع تم بخسارة مقارنة بسعر الانتاج, ولكن هدا لا يعني انه لايوجد خسارة نظرا لان معظم تلك الشركات اشترت اجهزة التعدين باسعار مرتفعة جدا مما يعني ان عند بيعها لمخزونها بسعر 20 الف مثلا سوف يساهم في تاخير استرداد رأس المال.

النقطة الاخرى ان القروض المتعلقة بالكريبتو تكون تكلفتها عالية نظرا للمخاطر المحاطة بهدا المجال, والنقطة الاخرى هي العمر الافتراضي لاجهزة التعدين التي اشتروها, لانه فقط لكونك تبيع البتكوين بسعر اعلى من سعر تكلفة الكهرباء لا يعني انك تجني اي ربح, لان كل المعدات التي تستخدمها لديها عمر افتراضي وقريبا سيكون عليك البدء في صياناتها او تغيرها, لذلك ولاخص عليك الامر, ان استمرت هده الظروف لوقت طويل, كتير من الشركات الكبرى للتعدين سوف تفلس بدون شك, اما ان تعافت الاسواق بالكثير سوف يبقون, ولكن بدون اي شك, بعضهم سوف يسقط قريبا.


معظم مواقع التعدين للشركات الامريكية تقع داخل اراضي الولايات المتحدة, لا املك نسبة مؤكدة ولكن يمكن ان اقول اكتر من 90%, ولكن اود ان اصحح لك معلومة, الوليات المتحدة دولة مستوردة للنفط وليست مصدرة فهي تستهلك قرابة ال 20 مليون برميل يوميا وتنتج حوالي 12-13 مليون برميل, مما يجعلها تاني اكبر مستورد للنفط وكل مازاد سعر النفط العالمي زادت تكلفة الطاقة في الولايت المتحدة.





المسئلة بسيطة اخي, عند نقص الطلب تنخفض الاسعار, يعني عند اغلاق 5 مصانع لتصنيع المكياج مثلا, هدا سوف يكون جيد لشركة تعدن البتكوين, لان انخفاض الطلب يضمن عدم ارتفاع سعر الطاقة, الشي الوحيد الذي يمكن ان يغير هده المعادلة هوا انخفاض العرض, وهدا امر مستبعد لان روسيا قلصت انتاجها بحوالي 25% من الحرب, وباقي الدول لن تقوم بتخفيض الانتاج الى في حال انخفض سعر البرميل بشكل كبير.

في المقابل, تخيل معي ان الطلب على النفط زاد ولم ينقص, وفي ضل الحرب ونقص الامدادات وعدم زيادة انتاج النفط من قبل دول اوبيك, الجميع سوف يتصارع على الحصول على النفط, وهنا ترتفع الاسعار وتكون تكلفة التعدين غالية جدا لتلك الشركات والكتير منهم سوف يدخل في بند الخسارة ويغلق ابوابه, ولكن الواضح من خلال الاحداث الجارية ان العالم يغوص اكتر في بحر الركود, وهناك مصانع وشركات تقفل ابوابها وتسرح عمالتها يوميا, وعند زيادة البطالة يقل استخدام السيارات والمواصلات والحمام الساخن والجاكوزي وهدا يزيد ايضا من خفض اسعار الطاقة, فالامر اشبه بالدومينو.


في المقابل ولنكون منصفين, استمرار الركود يعني ان الوضع الاقتصادي العالمي سيء, مما يعني ان انخفاض سعر البتكوين لاسعار اقل من هده الاسعار امر وارد جدا, وهدا بدوره سوف يزيد من الضغط على المعدنين, ولكن الامر نسبي وكل شخص لديه ارقامه الخاصة التي يعمل بها, البعض منهم مستعد لتحمل انخفاض في سعر البتكوين بنسبة 50%, او زيادة في اسعار الطاقة بنسبة 20%, او زيادة في الصعوبة بنسبة 70%, البعض الاخر على "كف عفريت" وسوف ينهار بمجرد نزول السعر 20%, لذلك لايمكن الجزم باي شي, ولكن وكما جرت العادة, سوف تبداء الشركات الضعيفة بالسقوط واحدة تلو والاخرى, والبقاء سوف يكون للاقواء.

You seem to have quoted the wrong post, not sure why are you referring to "me" as I have not mentioned anything about whatever you are saying here, I am not associated with Slush and I don't even use their firmware.



Custom firmware including BO+ do a lot more than the basic version of Cgminer, I run enough miners to know that, it's up to you to deny it, but there is a reason why many of us use custom firmware, if you want to provide a free and open-source version that has all the additions that we miners pay a fee for, I will be the first one to use it and to donate for such a project.

سبب البيع في العادة يكون ناتج عن انخفاض قيمة ضمانات القروض, جل الشركات الضخمة التي تعدن البتكوين تقوم باقتراض المال لزيادة عدد الاجهزة ولبناء البنية التحتية, واغلبها يستخدم اجهزة التعدين نفسها كضمان لهده القروض وعند انخفاض سعر البتكوين الذي لايكون مصحوب بانخفاض في صعوبة التعدين يعني ان قيمة اجهزة التعدين قد نقصت, وهنا الشركة لديها خياران, اما التخلف عن سداد القرض واما زيادة قيمة الغطاء او الضمان, طبعا في هده الحالة بيع الاصول هوا الحل الاسهل لذلك يقومون ببيع كميات البتكوين الموجودة في هدا التقرير.

الشي الجيد نسبيا لهده الشركات هوا حصلوهم على اكتر الاجهزة تطورا واقلها في استهلاك الكهرباء, ايضا حصولهم على عقود طاقة كويلة الامد باسعار رخيصة لذلك من الصعب ان تنهار هده الشركات الا في حال انهارت اسعار البتكوين لارقام قياسية فحتى بعد انخفاض حوالي 70% من القمة لازالت تلك الشركات في مأمن.

اتوقع ان تاتي الصدمة لبعض الشركات عن طريق مزودي الطاقة في حال استمرار ارتفاع اسعار النفط والغاز, فحتى الشركات المنتجة للطاقة لديها حد معين لتحمل عواقب الالتزام بتوفير طاقة رخيصة, فيمكن ان تعلن افلاسها وتتوقف عن امداد شركات التعدين بكهرباء رخيصة, طبعا احتمالية استمرار صعود اسعار النفط والغاز هي احتمالية ضئيلة نظرا للركود التي بداء فعلا في الحدوث, والطلب على الطاقة بداء في الانخفاض ولا زالنا كل يوم نسمع عن اغلاق مصانع وتسريح عمالة, الوضع الاقتصادي يسير للاسوء وهدا يعزز من فقدان الطلب على الطاقة ومن المرجع انخفاض اسعارها مما يعني استمرارية هده المصانع الضخمة في العمل.

Chances are, there is nothing publicly available, but to be honest with you, Whatsminer community here is pretty small, I think only a few of us own those gears, I do but sadly I have little to no experience in fixing these PSUs, I would suggest that you visit the Whatsminer community on telegram https://t.me/whatsminercommunity

Search the chat history, a lot of the content is in Russian so you might need to translate some messages that mentioned the PSU model in Latin alphabets, but if you can't find any, just ask and hopefully, someone will give you an answer.

This whole study is bullshit, electricity price in Kuwait is 6.5 cents per kWh for "undefined manufacturing" which is where bitcoin falls under, which means even while using the most advanced gear you are nowhere near the 1.4k cost mentioned in this "study".

Using the household prices it ranges from 1.6 cents to 5 cents, but long story short, once you pass 9 KWh a MONTH (which every asic miner will do in a few hours) you jump to the 5 cents tier, the 1.6 cents is for below 3 kWh a month, that isn't enough to mine a fraction of bitcoin, but ya, I understand why they had these numbers incorrect, most people who write such content are lazy, and they still get paid for writing nonsense like that.

I don't know the prices of other countries mentioned in the study, but I am sure that most will be incorrect, so it's safe to assume that this whole thing is just b.s.

lack of transactions in a block does not make it invalid, the miner may choose not to add any transactions (except the Coinbase transaction which states where the rewards should go to), however, most often than not, this isn't done with the intention of not wanting to add transactions, miners will start working on the next block right after a block is found, it takes a bit of time to deal with their mempool as they need to download the previous block's transaction list and remove all those transactions that were included in that block (failing to do so the block will be invalid).

So while downloading and working on the transactions, miners will start trying, if someone manages to hit a block before including any transactions, they will not hesitate to propagate the block, and that's how you see empty blocks.

Some pools don't mine empty blocks, but the vast majority do, there also seems to be a general "belief" that Bitmain mined empty blocks on purpose during the "block size fork war" attempting to halt transactions and make it seem like a bigger block is a must, other than that, empty blocks come as a result of what I previously explained.

I am inclined to believe that Larson311 is correct, 0.07c per kWh in a country like Finland does not make sense, unless they managed to somehow generate power out of thin air, also given the current situation and issues with gas/oil supplies, I think even 14c is not sustainable, so mining in EU, in general, is pretty much a bad idea now, in fact, it has always been this way, now it's just a lot worse.

Not for too long



I mine at higher temps without any problems as mentioned in one of my previous posts, it's all about moving enough air, of course, some gears that have bad fans or bad contact between the chip and heatsink will have a hard time running stable at stock speed and will need downclocking, the good gears will mine just fine at those temps.

Ok, that makes sense to some degree, but then even if we were to assume that the miner manufacturer would go that far to kill their own business, it still does not justify adding more risks to an already risky business model, it's like crossing the traffic light, even when it's green on your side, there is still a risk of hitting another car, that doesn't make it equally as bad as crossing a red light, the degree of risk of both cases is very different.

By "encrypted data to slush" do you mean something else other than the firmware fees? I am not sure how you got to that conclusion, did you test it yourself? I am not defending them, but this is a serious claim, if the firmware establishes a stratum connection for x amount of time to collect fees, that's fine and expected, if it's something else, that's pretty terrible.

If you don't mine with enough equipment then mining can be pretty useless, mining with enough equipment is pretty hard to hide, the average gear nowadays needs about 3kw with of power, I am inclined to think that this amount is pretty much the average consumption for most homes in Russia, maybe the houses is wired to handle 15kw at most, so that's just 5 miners.

Anything about that will need factory-grade electricity, that will require some paperwork or otherwise good connections with some corrupt officials in the power grid, and then quite honestly, when planning to deploy say 100 gear or above, you will get to the point where you need to install a transformer of some kind, mostly 11kv to 400v, for this to happen you are going to need a few people in the power grid to install it, this widens the circle of people's mouths you need to keep shut.

And then, once you start drawing constant power 24/7 unlike all other businesses, anyone who has access to the substation monitoring screens will know that you are mining, which will bring more people into the circle, those people will either stop you from doing so or they will blackmail you into paying them enough.

So it's almost impossible to stay under the radar, people will know that you are mining, and in order to be safe from all that, you need to be/know/pay someone who has enough power (not electric power tho  ), so if the operation isn't a few MW worth of power, it will not generate enough profit to keep you away from the Russian authorities.

That "somebody" has to be a large U.S miner for us to see any real drop in difficulty, fortunately, or unfortunately those don't seem to be affected much by prices, also, due to reduced demand on oil and gas as well as the plans of some "green counties" to just start burning coal the price of oil and gas has dropped and will likely stay low or head lower as more factories close down all over the globe.

So when most traditional businesses use less electricity, there will be a lot of it left for large miners, it will be very unlikely for large miners to drop out of business, so for anyone planning to buy miners, please don't count on any difficulty decrease as that could very likely be just wishful thinking.


25c at 4PM sounds about perfect given we are in the middle of July, just by chance, it's almost 4AM now, and it's exactly 25c, 12 hours from now, i would expect at least an extra 10 degrees.

Go to "Cgminer Configuration" tab and then fill in these three fields


Pool will be URL link that you get from the pool you sign up to, the worker is something you set on the pool's account, and the password is usually x unless specified by your pool

if you have more than one control board/miner you can use worker.worker

An example, let's say your worker name on the pool's website is deusopus

miner 1 can be deusopus.miner1 , miner 2 can be deusopus.miner2