Great news, have you actually swapped the hashboard from another miner? It was not possible to mix and match on the previous generation, hopefully the XP works differently.

@Bitmaxz, this is not possible with the new gen miners, the heatsink on the chip front is one whole large block attached with solder/thermal and screws, no way it would do anything like that.

See in the past, I would tell you to buy Avalons instead of Whatsminer or Antminer, but this no longer holds true, with the current generation of miner and as far as robustness goes it's Whatsminer > Bitmain and lastly Avalon, I follow failure rates provided by miners on various places and Avalons seem to have a very crappy PSU quality, It can be as bad as 50% failure rate in the first 4 months.

If it's Avalon vs any Bitmain 17 series, then, of course, I'd go for Avalon, but the 19 series is a lot more robust. Then you also have Whatsminer, Avalon is the cheapest per terahash for the same efficiency class, and honestly, that is for a reason.

But why cap yourself at 1500$, why not get the S19 pro for 1.9k from Bitmain, brand new, 100th, it will probably be a lot cheaper than any Avalon or Whatsminer out there, and you get a 30% discount coupon so the average cost for 3 miners will be around $1500 per miner, and then don't forget to add duty and tarrif fees which can be as high as 25% if you are in the U.S.

With these 3 lines


The software insists that it can still see Chain[2] and that chain 2 has missing chips, so until the line goes away, it will be hard to troubleshoot any further, can you try to swap the data cables between the hashboards and see if this part of the kernel changes?

Also, please use code tag when posting kernel log.

25 cents per kWh is "subsidized? damn.

I don't know how "enough is" 150 kwh in EU, here during the summer, in the smallest house ever you are going to need at least 25kwh per day, I am talking about a single room/studio type of apartment, in the winter it's probably 25-30kwh for the same house size, so really, doesn't matter how much you try to save on power, 150kw is going to finish in a week time, in my house, the daily average throughout the year is 100kwh, but we use electricity for everything, we only use gas for cooking and we hardly spend any money on insulation which makes the power consumption that high.

But man, my God be with you EU people, you guys will get through this.


It seems like nobody has been buying from them recently, all the large guys have already placed their orders and getting gears according to schedule, many people think that this is just an offer, but my guess, is this will be the normal price, maybe 200-400 up or down at most.

Ya fake products make things a lot worse, but then even the original wall sockets can't do with mining for the most part, at least not where I live, the standard wall socket is rated at 15amps, so at 220v they are maxed at 3.3kw, all the new miners are either just about that or slightly below, so even the original ones will eventually fail and burn given that they don't get to cool down as mining runs 24/7.

The next issue would be the wire size that connects to that socket, the standard here is 2.5mm copper wire for wall sockets, which should easily handle 20-30A if it's just a hairdryer and say your hair is pretty long and needs an hour of drying, but then going past that you might run into issues, so even if you replace that socket with a 20A socket the wire won't be able to handle it and the results will be the same.

I don't know about the U.S and other countries, but here, it's completely unsafe to run something like a Whatsminer m21s that sucks nearly 3500w 24/7 on any residual socket.

Ya i do understand, I have actually done my deep research on this subject when we had power outages in the past, there is always an exact depth of discharge that gives you the most cycles, also most specs sheets i saw state that 21c is the best temp for the battries, above or below and you start losing.

Also the speed of charging, some mppt will charge up to 90% fast and then slow down for the remaining 10%, beside a few more factors that make a huge difference.

Keep in mind almost ALL of these companies hide crucial info when they sell you a battery, i had an offer for german made battries that were sold as 100ah, when diving deep into the specs it turns out that it can only give you that much if you discharge it for 100 hours, so if you plan on using it at full load for 2 hours, it is no more a 100ah, more like 70ah.

And even when they you give some sort of warranty on the number of cycles, the terms and conditions will usually require nuclear reactor standards.

Battries are rather complicated and very expensive, i ended up buying a diesel generator, assumed it would die on me in 5 years, accounted for service and repairs and despite all that it was a lot cheaper.

Over 1.5k cycles by how much? Double? Then the price will likely be double as well, i qouted prices from the local markets, could not find any large lithium battries here, but if anyone knows how much the 100a battries go for and check their specs for number of cycles, we can run a different math which i am pretty sure won't result in a very different value.

You are right about dead battries, we sell them here too, for like 10% of thier prices as new, they buy them based on weight not capacity or anything else.

I am familial with the guy's channel, he does most of the stuff for experimental purposes, in fact, he is so smart not to know how much power he was going to get from the water tank.

But one thing to take away from it is how much power he needed to fill the tank, the best case scenario would be 50w coming from the solar for 5 hours, so 250 watt-hour just to store less than 4 watt-hour, the efficiency is just awful, does not matter how he improved it will still not offset charging a battery instead of running a water pump.  


For TheBeardedBaby's situation i assume that not even batteries are worth it.

The first thing we need to account for would be the loss of charge vs discharge, it is anywhere from 20% to 30% depending on the quality of the system.

So in order to fully charge a 12v 100a battery at its max 1200wh you are going to invest not less than 1450wh.

So if the night rate is less expensive than day rate*1.25 the idea fails before doing any more math.

The second thing we need to look into is the number of cycles the battery has on it, the average one has 1500 cycles at 50% dod and costs about 200$.

So every KWh of battery storage costs about 300$, and every cycles wipes out 20 cents of that value ( best case scenario)


Now lets assume day rate is 10 cents vs 20 cents for night rate.

So to suck 1kwh of the grid into the battery you are going to need 12 cents( remember the efficiency issue).

To use that you will waste 20 cents of battery value, that means your night rate is now 32 cents, a lot worse than the grid.

All of this, not taking into account the cost of the other components in the system.

Batteries are only good for emergency back up, when the power cuts at night and you need the lights for a couple hours,  
You do not care if its 20 cents or 50 cents, other than that it is way more expensive than the grid.

They could probably do, but I don't use them on miners directly, I have 400a 3P contactors, each hold 5*80A 3P MCB, I just connect the Sonoff to the contactor so I can control the 5 MCBs with a single smart switch.

Also since the direction of wind is pretty funny where the farm is, also temps changes a lot during the day, I use these smart switches to control the wall fans, so I connect the fan wires directly, but I don't think any set of fans I have go past 10A so the smart switches are not being stressed at all.

While these are cheap, I don't think buying 1 for every individual miner makes economical sense, it would be better to just buy a smart PDU, a smart PDU that can power 24 S19s will be priced at below 1K at most, somewhere near double the price of the basic version, so we can say that all you to pay is 20$ more per miner if you wanted smart vs basic PDU, despite the fact that the smart switch is cheaper than 20$, the smart PDU beats it in terms of safety, installation and a few other things.

Now if you have just 2 miners, then ya 500/2 = $250 more per miner, so I'd stick with the smart switch.

In this particular example, it might be a joke, compressed air storage only makes sense if you have access to power that you don't/cant use at a given period of time, so instead of wasting 100% of it, why not save some of it for later use?, I believe they could be as effienct as 70% or so "of course under some special conditions".

In fact, the same goes for batteries, it only makes sense to store the otherwise wasted energy, but paying the day rate to get that power at night will most likely never work, I don't have the exact numbers but I know if it made sense, everyone would be doing it which will then force the day/night rate into an equilibrium whereby the rates will be same since the demand on the day time will be (normal day demand + night demand).

Batteries are still very expensive and very inefficient, they all have limited cycles which if you take into account you will most likely realize that you can't just charge them with PAID power, that power needs to be excessive/wasted to justify the cost of the battery and the loses that will happen in getting the power in and out.

Furthermore and more importantly is the fact that EVEN if it did make sense to pay x during the day to store the power at night, you could still make more profit selling it than using it to mine, assuming you pay 15 cents to buy it, and it costs 30 cents at night, it means you are mining at 30 cents which is a direct loss, selling it for 25 cents and netting a 10 cent per kWh you sell back to the grid would be far more profitable and requires no initial investments in mining gears and has far less operational costs.


TheBeardedBaby, we were told on the news that Norway is the third largest exporter of gas, are you guys also suffering from this gas/oil shortage?  I would love to know the average power rate in Norway, I always thought it was supposed to be cheap, but I also understand that this is not how capitalism works, which is why I am so thankful we don't have it here.

I don't think said pool thinks those miners will do it on purpose, but that doesn't change the fact that any firmware that isn't capable of finding blocks will cause a loss to everyone involved, however, there are some accusations against Slush pool on the past when they had a streak of bad luck which did not seem "normal", some people accused them for running un-tested firmware that was contributing only to the hashrate for payouts but found no blocks at all, the accusations goes beyond that for some people, they claim that Slush "realized" that mistake later, secretly fixed the bug and hidden the truth because the loss was too large for them to compensate.

Of course, since this whole game is all about luck, just because it's unlikely to have say 80% luck for x period of time - if that happens - it's not solid proof that you can take to the court, however, for anyone who understands the statistics of mining knows that chances of having an 80% luck for 200+ blocks are slim to nothing, so I do believe that Slush had indeed lost nearly 1.5k BTC as a result of a lousy firmware version.



I really don't, at least I am not sure so I won't be throwing guesses at the wall to impress anyone , in fact, one of the devs who work within the team of the most famous custom firmware out there told me he doesn't know how the pool does that!!, besides, the pool operator probably won't reveal how they detect those miners or else it would be easily bypassed.

I personally see nothing wrong with the term "miner" knowing that the article is talking about "pools" because every mining pool is actually just a large miner, the word pool simply implies miners pooled together, a mining pool according to the whole mining network is just a miner, every pool/miner sees every other miner/pool as a single miner, so really, the word miner makes a lot more sense than the word pool in this context.

As for performing the attack on a single pool it actually does not even increase the percentage of the overall payouts a single miner would get, so that attack is used purely to damage pools that pay PPS, and if the pool pays in PPLNS the attacker would just lose profit without any gains, so it makes more sense to deploy the attack on the whole network than just on a single mining pool.

The only exception is if the attack was not pure withholding but rather "Lie in wait" which given how most mining pools operate today, that attack is near useless.

Another attack on mining pools would be using firmware that doesn't find blocks at all, while I don't recall reading any research about it, I know a mining pool that rejects all miners that don't use stock firmware because he is not sure if they are capable of finding blocks, which means whatever the number of blocks the pool finds will always be less than what it was supposed to find based on the total hashrate at 100% luck.

Despite that concerns, 99% of mining pools still allow all firmware versions to mine to their pool, even those PPS pools that would end up paying money out of their pockets, it just seems like they have not noticed that they are finding less block that they are supposed to, of course, that does not rule out the possibility that exists a few dozen thousand gears that keep getting paid for work that was never capable of actually hitting a block.

See the good thing about POW is that only those who have skin in the game can attempt any type of attack, any attack that fails causes them to lose profit, on the other hand, any attack that succeeds makes whatever they gained and the tools they used to perform the attack worth a lot less, which is why nobody has attempted anything serious, Bitmain for a good while was so close and probably had the chance to perform a 51% attack on the network, but they chose not to, not because they are kind-hearted  (I am sure they are not  ), they just knew that they could gain more by not attacking BTC.

اعتقد من الافضل عدم تسليم الترجمة قبل ضمان حقوكم كاملة نظرا لان هد العضو جديد في المنتدى وغير معروف, يمكن طلب وسيط لاتمام الصفقة واعتقد ان الوسيط يجب ان يكون يتكلم اللغة العربية بطلاقة وعمل الوسيط لايكون مقتصر فقط التسليم والاستلام بل ايضا مراجعة مضمون الترجمة لضمان حق المشتري وهدا طبعا سوف يزيد التكلفة قليلة ولكن من وجهة نظري فهدا هول الحل الامثل لتكون العملية متكاملة ويضمن فها كل الاطراف حقوقهم سواء من حيث جودة العمل او السداد.

The control board and the hash boards couldn't care less where the 12V DC comes from, so ya, you could bypass the miner's PSU but then you will have a lot of issues to deal with.

You will need to stabilize the DC input which can't happen if you want to supply the miner directly from the solar panels, and then two, you will need something to attach those 6-pin connectors to, you can't just a run couple of wires from the solar panels and attach them to the miner.

So technically, this can be done, practically, it seems like a terrible idea.

Short answer : NO.

If you are using a solo pool to solo mine BTC, then your node sits there doing exactly nothing useful to that process itself, and what matters here would be your connection to the pool and the pool's overall relay capabilities to the other nodes.

But keep in mind all of this has NOTHING to do with your chances of finding blocks, your chances depend 100% on the hashrate you have, but once and when you find a block, then it becomes a question of how fast it gets broadcast, how close the mining node is to other mining nodes because if someone else solves the same blocks and somehow happens to propagate it faster than you, you lose an orphan race and your block gets rejected, but those cases are extremely low and as long as you use a proper pool which you have a good connection to -- all you have to worry about is your luck.

Some of the numbers don't seem right in that picture, mara had only 0.7EH in July, and then suddenly 3.2E the next month? was it because they had to shut down in texas during the heat wave? I think this guy uses the amount of declared mined BTCby each of those companies, but do we know if that's even real?


Anyway, the pace has picked up and we are getting close to 100%, so another positive adjustment is possible

The one I bought was basic PDU, but they do have smart pdus, however, they are not as big as the basic one, they are rated at 125a max, with 3.4kw max on each port at 220v, it could still run most miners but not with much room.

However, they told me I can send my own design and specs and they will make the PDUs accordingly, but I think that will require some MOQ.

Also smart PDUs usually cost a lot, it is cheaper to just install some contactors and control them with smart wifi devices like Sonoff, that will also allow you to install voltage protection, phase sequence and other types of controls.
 

This attack is an "improvement" of an imaginary attack writen by "Ittay Eyal and Emin G¨un Sirer" some dozen years ago, which you can read here.

Now despite all the equations and the academic wordings you see in there, that attack was never implemented on the network, many research papers were written afterwards explaining how that attack does not work, oddly enough, even "Fake Satoshi" published research paper explaining how selfish mining "doesn't work" in real life, however, nobody can deny that it's indeed doable at least on papers.

But just to clear the confusing about this "Partial Selfish Mining " let's first understand what is "Selfish Mining" and how does it benefit the attacker at least on theory, so if you are interested please watch this video since it's the simplest explanation I could find > https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SWKjSEi-9pg

Now whether you read the paper or watched the video you have probably seen that number of other miners "called rational miners in the PSM paper" is very critical, also since you can't control the latency of other miners, you would want them to purposely accept your blocks even if an orphan race was supposed to be lost to another honest miner.

So what this research suggests is that other miners will WILLINGLY join the attacker in order to make more profit, but that puts both the attacker and the "rational miner" at risk.

1- If the attacker broacasts a full valid block to the rational miner, that miner could just re-brocats it to the network and the attack will be over.
2- The attacker can "claim" that they found a valid block when in fact they did not, so the rational miner will be at risk of mining on top an invalid block.

So this research is trying to arrange this attack in a way that the rational miner can actually confirm the claim of the attacker without the attacker having to give away the complete block.

An example with be using a third-party or a sort of a smart contract whereby the attacker has to deposit x amount of BTC which then gets released to the rational miner/s if it turns out that the hash which the attacker sent was invalid, by doing this, the rational miners will comfortably join the attack knowing that they will make more profit working with the attacker than actually being honest.

So by applying this method, a few rational miners can join the attacker chain and help build a longer blockchain than the "real one", let's say they happen to build 10 blocks ahead and get to block 1010 when the actual chain is still at 1009, the attacker will then broadcast the full blocks and renders the 9 blocks found by honest miners invalid and thus causing them a huge loss.

Notice that, even in theory, the attacker and the rational miners do NOT make any more profit only their share of the total profit increases, in fact, their profit could even decrease, but the damage they have to endure is less than the damage that the honest miners have to take, the attacker and the rational miner could easily make the same profit or more by just being honest since this attack requires taking the lead which and being a step ahead of the rest, so even at 50% of the hashrate, if one of the "rational miners" decides to go back to the "honest chain" the whole the cake will burn and the attackers would lose that race.

The whole concept of the original attack or the improved PSM is to make other miners waste money and resources if they decide to be honest, that will either make them shutdown to actually reduce the difficulty, or at least join you so you can have a full control and do all kind of double-spending or transaction censorship, the original attack itself is pretty smart, the improvement is also pretty innovative and I like it.

Applying that on the block-chain is also possible, but who will go this far? as long as miners are mining for profit, it's almost guaranteed that nobody would attempt it, unless this shit turns political where governments will be willing to spend billions of dollars to damage BTC these attacks won't go beyond us discussing them here, nonetheless, these improvements in "theory attacks" are good for BTC, it helps us think of what to do, if somebody, someday decides to actually attack us.

It's common sense that If you can't afford proper PDUs simply cut the cable ends and use a wire-end on a busbar that can take the load, even if that goes against your local code -- it is a million times safer than using those power strips, if you check the wiring and connections inside them, you will notice that they can hardly run anything, mostly 1mm2 wires soldered in the cheapest possible way.

Furthermore, it's not only about the wire size, I had some power strips that used fairly large wirings inside that could easily handle a couple of miners, but then socket martial was pretty bad, and the plug was a little lose, I have a general rule that if I can unplug something without worrying about the whole socket coming out, that thing will likely catch fire. So if you can easily plug and unplug the power cord -- there is probably something wrong, electricity does not like "loose", like most of the men electricity likes "tight".

Anyway, I found a great source of PDUs in China, the manufacture for some US vendors under a different brand, I ordered a 3P 160A PDU from them which should be here soon, it has 24 ports, and each port should easily handle 4.4KW at 220v, that means it can easily handle 24 of most miners out there, I will be posting pictures and stuff when we set it up.

هدا الموقع الرسمي لخدمة Shop&Ship الخاصة با aramex https://www.shopandship.com/

يمكنك مبدئيا الاطلاع على اسعار الشحن, اعتقد انه يمكنكك ايضا التسجيل معهم اون لاين والحصول على كل العنواين مجانا, في حال نجت في شحن بعض البضائع يمكنها عندها تغير نوع اشتراكك من مجاني الى flex والحصول على تخفيضات ممتازة في تكلفة الشحن, اعتقد ان سعر فلكس يختلف من بلد لاخر, ولكن تقوم الشركة احيانا بعمل تخفيضات غريبة في الاشتراك تصل احيانا الى 1$ للاشتراك السنوي اعتقد ان السعر الطبيعي 100$ ان لم تخني الذاكرة.

معلومة اخرى قد تفيدك او تفيد اي شخص اخر في المستقبل, في حال شراء منتجات امريكية من حسابك الخاص من امازون, يمكنك طلب Air waybill من شركة ارامكس او اي شركة تشحن من خلالها, وارسالها لفريق دعم امازون كدليل على ان المنتجات التي اشتريتها من حاسبك غادرت امريكية فهدا يجعلها الان معفية من الضرائب وسوف يتم ارجاع قيمة الضرائب في حسابك على هيئة رصيد يمكن استخدامه في الشراء في المستقبل, طبعا ببولصية الشحن او Air waybill تحتوي لى بايانات كافية تمكن الامازون من معرفة ان المنتجات التي اشتريتها فعلا غادرت الاراضي الامريكية.